The September Birthstone: Sapphire
Sapphires have captivated the human imagination for centuries. These luring gemstones are not only valued for their beauty but also for their rich history, unique colours and remarkable physical properties. Dive into the fascinating world of sapphires with us as we explore the characteristics that make sapphires unique.
History and Lore of Blue Sapphires
Blue sapphires have held a sacred status dating back to ancient civilizations. In Ancient Greece and Rome, there was a belief that wearing blue sapphire could safeguard kings and queens from harm and envy. The Greeks and Romans linked this precious gem with divine entities, frequently adorning themselves with it during important ceremonies. In the Middle Ages, clergy and nobility adorned themselves with sapphires, viewing them as representations of heaven and divine blessings.
In the 19th and 20th centuries, sapphires gained newfound popularity thanks to significant discoveries of sapphire deposits in Kashmir, Sri Lanka, and Myanmar (Burma).
Royal Association
The deep blue colour of the gem is thought to represent purity and wisdom, and is often associated with royalty. The famous blue sapphire engagement ring Prince Charles gave Princess Diana in 1981 deepened the association of blue sapphire with royalty and love. In 2010, Kate Middleton received Princess Diana's iconic blue sapphire ring. Since then, she has worn blue sapphire earrings, necklaces, and brooches, establishing blue sapphire as her signature gemstone.
Pictures here is a J.H. Young custom ring inspired by Lady Diana’s famous blue sapphire engagement ring. The ring features a stunning 3ct oval cut blue sapphire with round brilliant cut natural diamond halo set in 14k white gold. The popularity of Lady Diana’s ring has remained an inspiration for many modern couples when designing their dream engagement ring.
Properties of Blue Sapphires
Composition and Formation
Blue sapphires are a variety of the mineral corundum, composed primarily of aluminum oxide with trace amounts of elements such as iron, titanium, and chromium, which give the stone its blue colour. Corundum is one of the hardest minerals on Earth, second only to diamond, making sapphires exceptionally durable and suitable for everyday wear. In addition to their hardness, blue sapphires possess excellent toughness, meaning they are less likely to chip or break upon impact.
On the left is a blue sapphire rough, the uncut form mined from the earth. On the right is a faceted blue sapphire, the polished final product ready to be set into a ring or pendant.
Colour Variations
While the classic blue sapphire is the most well-known, the stone comes in a range of blue shades, from light to dark. The most prized sapphires exhibit a rich blue that is neither too dark nor too light. The colour can also be influenced by the stone's origin. For instance, Kashmir sapphires are renowned for their deep, velvety blue, while Sri Lankan (Ceylon) sapphires often display a lighter, more vivid blue.
The majority of sapphires are found in Kashmir, Myanmar (formerly Burma), and Sri Lanka. Additionally, deposits of sapphire have been discovered in countries such as Australia, Thailand, Cambodia, Madagascar, and the United States (Montana), among others in Asia and Africa.
Optical Phenomena
Certain blue sapphires exhibit unique optical phenomena that add to their allure. Asterism, or the star effect, occurs in star sapphires, where needle-like inclusions of the mineral rutile create a star-shaped pattern on the surface when viewed under direct light.
Cleaning and Maintenance
Regular cleaning is recommended to keep blue sapphires looking their best. A simple solution of warm water, mild dish soap, and a soft toothbrush can effectively remove dirt and oils. At J.H. Young Jewellers, we encourage our clientele to visit our store every 6-8 months for a complementary cleaning and checkup. During this visit, your jewellery will be examined by GIA-trained jewellers and gemologists who can identify any damages and recommend necessary repairs. These repairs can be completed in-store by our team of goldsmiths and diamond setters, with a turnaround time of 10-14 business days. If no repair is required, our team will clean your jewellery using the appropriate cleaning method based on the metal and stones featured in the pieces. Regular inspections and cleaning by a professional jeweller can help ensure your stones remain securely set and dazzling.
Blue Sapphire Colours
Classic Blue
The classic blue sapphire is characterized by its rich, deep blue colour that can range from a medium to dark tone. The classic blue variety is the most popular colour of sapphire, being one of the “big 3” in the jewellery industry, the big three refers to three precious gemstones (Ruby, Blue Sapphire and Emerald) they are the most well known and desired in the consumer market. Within the blue sapphire variety, the most coveted blue sapphires exhibit a velvety blue with a slight violet undertone, often called "cornflower blue." This specific hue is highly sought after by collectors and commands premium prices in the market.
Pictured here is a clover shaped blue sapphire and diamond pendant set in white gold. The blue sapphires used in this design exhibit the sought after “cornflower blue”.
Padparadscha Sapphire
While not a blue sapphire, the padparadscha sapphire deserves mention due to its rarity and unique colour. This gemstone exhibits a delicate blend of pink and orange, reminiscent of a lotus blossom. Padparadscha sapphires are highly prized and can be more valuable than some blue sapphires. Sri Lanka is the primary source of Padparascha sapphire.
Pictured here are the desired Padparadscha sapphires named for the colour resemblance to a lotus blossom.
Fancy Sapphires
In addition to blue, sapphires come in a variety of colours known as "fancy sapphires." These include shades of pink, yellow, green, purple, and even colourless (white) sapphires. The presence of different trace elements during the stone formation results in these diverse colours. While blue remains the most popular, fancy sapphires offer a unique and vibrant alternative for those seeking something different. Using fancy sapphires in jewellery design offers a limitless array of colour combinations and distinctive design possibilities.
Pictured here is a matching ring and pendant set that feature a full rainbow colour array of fancy sapphires with a border of white diamonds. Fancy coloured sapphires jewellery like the ones pictured here are great for everyday wear as they have excellent durability and endless styling combinations.
The Role of Blue Sapphires in Modern jewellery
Engagement Rings
Blue sapphires have become increasingly popular as an alternative to traditional diamond engagement rings. Their rich colour and historical significance make them a meaningful choice for couples seeking something unique. The durability of blue sapphires also ensures they can withstand the rigors of daily wear, making them a practical and beautiful option for engagement rings.
Fashion and Statement Pieces
Beyond engagement rings, blue sapphires are prominently featured in various types of jewellery, including necklaces, earrings, bracelets, and brooches. Their striking colour makes them a favourite for statement pieces and high-end fashion jewellery
Designers often pair blue sapphires with diamonds and other gemstones to create stunning, eye-catching pieces.
Birthstones and Anniversaries
Blue sapphires are the birthstones for September, making them a popular gift for those birthdays. They are also traditionally given as gifts for 5th and 45th wedding anniversaries, symbolizing enduring love and commitment. The timeless beauty and significance of blue sapphires make them a cherished choice for commemorating special occasions.
The versatility and durability of sapphires make them a sought-after gem for both feminine and masculine jewelry. Featured here is an Ethos silver men's bracelet set with black sapphires. A wide range of men's jewellery styles incorporates sapphire gemstones, such as black sapphire stud earrings, rings, pendants, and bracelets.
Conclusion
Blue sapphires are truly extraordinary gemstones that have captivated humanity for centuries. Their rich history ,remarkable durability, and stunning beauty continue to make them a favorite choice for collectors and jewellers alike. Whether set in a royal crown, an engagement ring, or a statement necklace, blue sapphires embody a sense of timeless elegance.
Further reading
https://www.gia.edu/birthstones/september-birthstones
